Manic Monday - Part-Part-Whole Flip Cards

It's been a while since I've created anything for my math class, but after spending two days at the NCTM regional conference in Richmond, I was inspired to make some new resources. Today I'm sharing two sets of flip cards for working on subitizing, part-part-whole, missing addend problems, and basic facts.

Each set contains 55 cards covering addition facts from 0+0 through 9+9. You can access all 100 facts by using the Commutative property and covering a different part of the flip card. Here's what the packet and cards look like.

Once you print these back-to-back and cut along the dotted lines, you can select which part of the card you wish to "hide." Here's what a finished card looks like.

These flip card sets can be used to meet the following Common Core Standards for Math.

• K.OA.5.  Fluently add and subtract within 5.
• 1.OA.3.  Apply properties of operations as strategies to add and subtract. Examples: If 8 + 3 = 11 is known, then 3 + 8 = 11 is also known. (Commutative property of addition.) To add 2 + 6 + 4, the second two numbers can be added to make a ten, so 2 + 6 + 4 = 2 + 10 = 12. (Associative property of addition.)
• 1.OA.4.  Understand subtraction as an unknown-addend problem. For example, subtract 10 – 8 by finding the number that makes 10 when added to 8.
• 1.OA.5.  Relate counting to addition and subtraction (e.g., by counting on 2 to add 2).
• 1.OA.6. Add and subtract within 20, demonstrating fluency for addition and subtraction within 10. Use strategies such as counting on; making ten (e.g., 8 + 6 = 8 + 2 + 4 = 10 + 4 = 14); decomposing a number leading to a ten (e.g., 13 – 4 = 13 – 3 – 1 = 10 – 1 = 9); using the relationship between addition and subtraction (e.g., knowing that 8 + 4 = 12, one knows 12 – 8 = 4); and creating equivalent but easier or known sums (e.g., adding 6 + 7 by creating the known equivalent 6 + 6 + 1 = 12 + 1 = 13).
• 2.OA.2.  Fluently add and subtract within 20 using mental strategies. By end of Grade 2, know from memory all sums of two one-digit numbers.

Download  Part-Part-Whole Dot Pattern Flip Cards

Download Part-Part-Whole Ten Frame Flip Cards

I hope you get a chance to use these cards in your home or classroom. Please let me know if you try them and how you like them! 

Monday Math Freebie - Fall-Themed Addition Games

I created two new addition games this weekend by putting a twist on some old favorites for practicing multiplication. Those games, and a few others with a fall theme can be found in this addition packet.

Here's what the games look like.

Download Fall Themed Addition Games

I hope you get a chance to use these in your home or classroom. Please let me know if you try these and how you like them! 

Monday Math Freebie - Three to Win!

Three to Win is a simple, quick game where students practice basic facts in addition, subtraction and multiplication while using problem solving strategies. The first player rolls two dice and says the numbers. Then he/she looks at the empty spaces on the board and decides whether to ADD the numbers, SUBTRACT the numbers, or MULTIPLY the numbers. Once a choice is made, the player says the number sentence aloud and places his/her marker over the answer. If a player rolls doubles, he/she must cover one of the images on the board. Play alternates until one player gets three markers in a row, vertically, horizontally or diagonally.

There are several different versions available in this packet. They are pictured below.

 Download Three to Win.

I hope you get a chance to use these in your home or classroom. Please let me know if you try these and how they work! 

Monday Math Freebie - Function Machine Fun

I've been trying to find a fun way to practice basic facts while working with patterns and function machines. I think this idea works well.  Player 1 draws a Function/Rule card and hands his/her partner the number cards that correspond to the input numbers. Player 2 selects one of the input numbers and places it on the inbox of the function machine mat. Player 1 reads the rule on the Function/Rule card and places the correct output number on the outbox of the function machine mat. Player 2 records the information on an Input-Output Chart and tries to determine the rule. Play continues in this fashion until the rule is determined or the player runs out of recording spaces. After each player has taken four turns guessing the rule, players total their scores (total number of guesses needs) and the lowest score wins.

Here are a few sample images.

Download Function Machine Fun.

I hope you get a chance to use this in your home or classroom. Please let me know if you try it and how it works! 

Monday Math Freebies - Fishing for Numbers and Monkey Madness

In recent weeks I have been developing resources for both my perservice teachers and the classroom teachers I work with. I will be sharing these resources with you each week in the new feature called Monday Math Freebies. This week I'm sharing two games that require nothing more than a game board, markers/chips for each player, and two dice. 

Fishing for Numbers is a simple, quick game where students practice basic facts in addition and subtraction while using problem solving strategies. The first player rolls two dice and says the numbers. Then he/she looks at the empty spaces on the board and decides whether to ADD the numbers or SUBTRACT the numbers. Once a choice is made, the player says the number sentence aloud and places his/her marker over the answer. Play alternates in this fashion until one player covers all the spaces on his/her board.

Download your own copy of Fishing for Numbers.

Monkey Madness: Three to Win! is a simple, quick game where students practice basic facts in addition, subtraction and multiplication while using problem solving strategies. The first player rolls two dice and says the numbers. Then he/she looks at the empty spaces on the board and decides whether to ADD the numbers, SUBTRACT the numbers, or MULTIPLY the numbers. Once a choice is made, the player says the number sentence aloud and places his/her marker over the answer. If a player rolls doubles, he/she must cover one of the monkey on the board. Play alternates until one player gets three markers in a row, vertically, horizontally or diagonally.

Download your own copy of Monkey Madness: Three to Win!. 

Annotated Bib - Subtracting Food!

Subtraction is the process of removing some objects from a group. This concept may be difficult to grasp for some children because they need to be able to think backwards, so integrating manipulative into the lesson and practice sections of class can result in a very positive outcome. An even more entertaining idea is to incorporate food items such as candy, cereal pieces, grapes or some other small finger-foods into your lessons to hold the students more focused on the lesson.

Books:

Five Little Monkeys Go Shopping. By Eileen Christelow.

Illus. By the Author. 2007. 40pp. Clarion Books, (978-0618821617). Gr. 2.

This book begins with a Mama monkey getting ready to take her babys shopping for clothes. She asks them to stay in one place but they want to explore and find food so she spends the rest of the book looking for them. While the students will surely love this story line it also integrates math skills such as counting, addition and subtraction which will help them all learn and practice the concepts they see illustrated during this book.

Good-Bye, Pie! By Tim Healy. Illus. By Jan Lewis. 2003. 24pp. Readers Digest, (978-0794402006). Gr. 1-2

This book is an exciting one for students because it allows them to be creative and active. This colorful storybooks help teach young learners simple

math concepts in a fun, hands-on way. In addition to the lively, easy-to-read stories, the book has a pocket containing punch-out pieces that will help keep students attention and allow them to see a visual representation of the equations they are dealing with.

Hershey's Kisses Subtraction Book. By Jerry Pallotta. Illus. By Rob Bolster. 2002. 32pp. Carthwheel Publisher, (9780439337793). Gr 1-2.

This book seems like a great choice because of the vivid pictures which illustrate the important math concept on every page. The middle of the book is also very helpful because it provides the readers with a basics subtraction table which starts at 0-0 and ends with 18-9. Students would be able to follow along with the math problems presented in this book while also being able to stay completely focused because the theme is chocolate and at the end of the book they will be able to eat it.

Lulu's Lemonade. By Barbara DeRubertis. Illus. By Paige Billin-Frye. 2000. 32pp. Kane Press, (978-1575650937).Gr. 2-3.

In this story Mattie and Martin decided to make lemonade for Mattie's little sister. In order to make this drink they must figure out what the recipe is asking for specifically. Readers are invited to grab some measuring containers and do their own practicing making their own drinks. This book would have to be altered slightly by the teachers questions to make sure that it truly revolves around subtraction, but it defiantly has the ability to really help students learn.

Math Potatoes: Mind-Stretching Brain Food. By Greg Tang. Illus. By Harry Briggs. 2005. 40pp. Scholastic Press, (978-0439443906). Gr. 2-4.

I enjoy this book because it uses rhyming verse and food themes to capture children's attention while also exceeding simple counting books. The storys and poems in this picture book are complex and are paired with tricky visual representations which will make all of the students carefully add, subtract, and even multiply if they are ready!

Websites:

Alien Munchtime

This website offers a game for students to play which revolves around monsters, food and subtraction. The children needs to help the lunch lady serve all of the hungry little aliens exactly what they want by reading the subtraction problem above their heads. The the students are able to create their own dishes to serve as a reward. I really love this game because it also allows the students to choose number families that they want to practice and will easily keep them occupied.

Minko's Milkshake Shoppe

This website allows students to open their own milkshake shops! During this game they will make milkshakes and practicing their math facts in order to serve the shakes to their customers. This game also gives students incentives to keep them playing by granting them money for each correct answer and allowing them to use that money to decorate their personal store!

Chubz Diner - Now Open!

This game has the students helping Chubz who is a new employee at the diner. Students will help Chubz complete many different jobs and can actually practice addition, subtraction, multiplication, or division depending on what they want to learn. This game also has levels which could really help teachers differentiate their lessons.

Baxley Bear: Going Fishing

Baxley is a bear who is hungry and wants some help as he fishes for the perfect catch. During this game students need to move Baxley back and forth to catch the right fish to complete his subtraction equation. This game does have different levels for students to practice on but all of them are pretty quick so student should use this game strictly for reviewing purposes.

Harvest Hootenanny!

This is one of my favorite games because it has students practicing their subtraction before allowing them to attempt to complete a level as a farmer looking for food. This game would really grab their attention and because it keeps a record it could also be a fun assessment for teachers to use.

For Teachers:

Virginia Standard of Learning:

2.5 The student will recall addition facts with sims to 20 or less and the corresponding subtraction facts.

Background Information from Curriculum Framework:

• Associate the term subtracting, minus, and difference with the process of "taking away" or separating (i.e., removing a set of objects from the given set of objects, finding the difference between two numbers, or comparing two numbers).
• Provide practice in the use and selection of strategies. Encourage students to develop efficient strategie. Examples of strategies for developing the basic subtraction facts include:
• Counting back
• "one-less-than," "two-less-than" facts
• "think addition for subtraction," (e.g., for 9-5=_, think "5 and what number make 9?"
• Use related facts (e.g., 7-4=3 and 7-3=4)
• Use of the identity property without naming the property but saying, "when you subtract zero from a number, you always get the original number."

Annotated Bib - Subtraction with Animals

Subtraction begins in early elementary school and then continues throughout life. One way to ease children into the concept of subtraction is through children's literature. I have chosen a collection of children's books on the subject that also include animals to aid in sparking their interest in the idea of subtraction. The age group that is accommodated through these resources are kindergarten through second grade.

Books

Five Little Monkeys Go Shopping. By Eileen Christelow. Illus. by author. 2007. 40p. Sandpiper. (9780618821617). Gr. K-2.
This book takes the topic of subtraction on a shopping trip with five little monkeys and their mom. The monkeys wander off or have to go places repeatedly and allow for plenty of opportunity to discuss how many monkeys we started with, and how many are now on each page. A fun introduction to subtraction with energetic characters, lots of color, and laughs along the way.

Panda Math: Learning about Subtraction from Hua Mei and Mei Sheng. By Ann Whitehead Nagda. (2005). 32p. Henry Holt and Co., (9780805076448). Gr. 2-4.
This book stars San Diego Zoo's giant panda's Hua Mei and Mei Sheng. Children can learn about subtraction while learning all about panda bears, specifically Hua Mei and Mei Sheng. Students learn what they eat, their weight, and their life expectancies as they are placed into word problems all involving subtraction.

Pet Store Subtraction. By Simone Ribke. (2007) 32p. Children's Press, (9780516289021). Gr. K-2.
Students learn about subtraction as they aid a pet store worker in figuring out what she needs to order based on how many animals or supplies have already been sold. Real photographs of animals make the book fun and kids will love being the pet store helper!

Subtraction Action. By Loreen Leedy. Illus. by author. (2002) 32p. Holiday House, (9780823417643). Gr. 1-3.
Students learn the definition of difference, how to write a subtraction problem, and the idea of regrouping through this interactive book that is full of animals. The cartoon, colorful pictures include dialogue bubbles with explanations that are fun and kid-friendly.

What's the Difference: An Endangered Animal Subtraction Story. By Suzanne Slade. Illus. by Joan Waites. (2010) 32p. Sylvan Dell Publishing, (9781607180814). Gr. 1-3.
Students learn facts about twelve featured endangered animals throughout this book that is cleverly written in rhyme. Each page features an animal, facts about the animal, and a subtraction problem involving it. The watercolor pictures are beautiful and kids will be sure to enjoy facts about the endangered species.

Websites
Addition and Subtraction Idea Bank for Teachers
http://www.mathcats.com/grownupcats/ideabankaddition.html
This website is a blog created by and run by teachers that is a forum for listing useful information, lessons and strategies that have worked for teachers in their own classrooms. Teachers have listed questions that they have surrounding the teaching of addition and subtraction over various grades, each having received answers from fellow colleagues that could aid in us on our journey of teaching math to youngsters.

Duck Race Subtraction

http://hoodamath.com/games/duckyracesubtraction.php

Get your students racing with subtraction! This website allows for public or private duck races where the student's personally selected rubber ducky gets to swim ahead with each subtraction problem that they get correct. The end of the race even gives the child's percent accuracy and the number of problems completed per minute, great statistics for a teacher to track.

Fishing Subtraction

http://www.softschools.com/math/games/fishing_sub.jsp

This website takes kids on a subtraction fishing trip. A little boy is going fishing. At the end of his pole you will find a subtraction equation. You have a choice of three numbered fish to click on to solve it. The students are timed and scored. They can play again and again in attempt to beat their past score or time.

Puny Pet Shop Animal Subtraction

http://www.fun4thebrain.com/subtraction/subpunypets.html

This website helps children open up their very own pet store. Children can select from an easy, medium or hard level and complete subtraction problems in order to fill the fish tank, guinea pig cage, gerbil cage, and bird cage with animals in order for the store to open. It doesn't have a timer, but does keep track of how many problems the child gets correct or wrong. Fun for any child that loves pets!

Subtraction Centers

http://www.ourclassweb.com/sites_for_teachers_learning_centers_math.htm

This website offers games, ideas, and materials written by and used by fellow teachers. Here you will find domino subtraction games, cards to practice number families, and more. A great resource for teachers when making math centers for your classroom.

For Teachers

Virginia Standards of Learning for Subtraction: Grades K-2

• The student will model adding and subtracting whole numbers, using up to 10 concrete objects.
• The student will recall basic addition facts with sums to 18 or less and the corresponding subtraction facts.
• The student will create and solve one-step story and picture problems using basic addition facts with sums to 18 or less and the corresponding subtraction facts.
• The student will recall addition facts with sums to 20 or less and the corresponding subtraction facts.
• The student, given two whole numbers, each of which is 99 or less, will: a)estimate the difference; and b)find the difference, using various methods of calculation.
• The student will create and solve one- and two-step addition and subtraction problems, using data from simple tables, picture graphs, and bar graphs.
• The student will recognize and describe the related facts that represent and describe the inverse relationship between addition and subtraction.

Background Information From the Curriculum Framework
Subtraction can be viewed as a taking away or separating process or as comparing to find the difference between two sets.

Counting backward from the larger set to determine the difference between two sets is a strategy for subtraction.

Number relationships, including the following, help students develop strategies for adding and subtracting. Instant recognition of the amount in a set of objects that are arranged in a familiar pattern such as the dots on number cubes. One more than, one less than, two more than, two less than.

Associate the terms subtraction, subtracting, minus, and difference with the process of taking away or separating (i.e., removing a set of objects from the given set of objects, finding the difference between two numbers, or comparing two numbers).

Provide practice in the use and selection of strategies. Encourage students to develop efficient strategies. Examples of strategies for developing the basic addition and subtraction facts include counting back; “one-more-than,” “two-more-than” facts; “one-less-than,” “two-less-than” facts; “doubles” to recall addition facts (e.g., 2 + 2 =__; 3 + 3 =__); “near doubles” [e.g., 3 + 4 = (3 + 3) + 1 = __]; “make-ten” facts (e.g., at least one addend of 8 or 9); “think addition for subtraction” (e.g., for 9 – 5 = __, think “5 and what number makes 9?”); use of the commutative property, without naming the property (e.g., 4 +3 is the same as 3 + 4); use of related facts (e.g., 4 + 3 = 7 , 3 + 4 = 7, 7 – 4 = 3, and 7 – 3 = 4); use of the additive identity property (e.g., 4 + 0 = 4), without naming the property but saying, “When you add zero to a number, you always get the original number.”; and use patterns to make sums (e.g., 0 + 5 = 5, 1 + 4 = 5, 2 + 3 = 5, etc.).

Manipulatives should be used to develop an understanding of addition and subtraction facts. Automaticity of facts can be achieved through constant practice which may include games, hands-on activities, flash cards, and paper and pencils.

The problem solving process is enhanced when students create their own story problems; and model word problems, using manipulatives, representations, or number sentences/equations.

Students should experience a variety of problem types related to addition and subtraction, including join and separate problems (action involved); join (for example: Sam had 8 pennies. Tom gave him 3 more. How many pennies does Sam have now? separate (for example: Sam had 11 pennies. He gave 3 to Tom. How many pennies does Sam have now?) part-part-whole problems (no action involved); missing part (for example: There are 8 marbles. Five are shown. How many are missing?) classification problems (for example: Jane had 12 hats. Only 3 of the hats are blue. How many are not blue?) comparison problems (for example: Bill is 7 years old. Alice is 4 years old. How much younger is Alice than Bill?).

Associate the terms subtraction, subtracting, minus, and difference with the process of “taking away” or separating (i.e., removing a set of objects from the given set of objects, finding the difference between two numbers, or comparing two numbers).

Provide practice in the use and selection of strategies. Encourage students to develop efficient strategies.

Subtraction is the inverse operation of addition and is used for different reasons:

to remove one amount from another;

to compare one amount to another; and

to find the missing quantity when the whole quantity and part of the quantity are known.

Three terms often used in subtraction are

minuend → 98

subtrahend → – 41

difference → 57

Regrouping is a process of renaming a number to make subtraction easier.

An understanding of the subtraction algorithm should be built by first using concrete materials and then employing a do-and-write approach (i.e., use the manipulatives, then record what you have done). This connects the activity to the written form of the algorithm.

Addition and subtraction are inverse operations, that is, one undoes the other:

3 + 4 = 7 7 – 3 = 4

7 – 4 = 3 4 + 3 = 7

For each addition fact, there is a related subtraction fact.

Developing strategies for solving missing addends problems and the missing part of subtraction facts builds an understanding of the link between addition and subtraction. To solve

9 – 5 = __, think 5 + __ = 9.

Demonstrate joining and separating sets to investigate the relationship between addition and subtraction.